Demography and Greece's Golden Age

While today some kids took the test, I took notes. I did not finish but I wrote a lot. These are the notes I took today:


  • 477-431 BC: Athens experienced growth intellectually and artisticly
    • Golden Age of Athens^
    • Drama, sculpture, poetry, philosophy, architecture, and science reached new heights.
    • Art and literacy instruct people around the world

Pericles
  •  wise and able statesman led Athens through GA
  • Honest, fair; led for 37 years
  • skillful politician and inspiring speaker, respected general
  • Dominated life 461- 429 BC > Age of Pericles
    • 3 goals
      • strengthen Athenian democracy
      • Hold and strengthen the empire
      • to glorify Athens
    Stronger Democracy
    • Increased  number of public officials who were paid
    • Poorest could be chosen
    • Direct Democracy-- citizens rule directly not representatives
    • Pericles expressed his pride in greek democracy
    Athenian Empire
    • After defeat, Athens shaped Delian League
    • took over leadership of the league and dominated
    • Pericles used his money to strengthen Athenian naval power
    • Navy provided safely of the empire
    • Athens had to trade and obtain supplies of grain, other raw materials
    Glorifying Athens
    • Pericles used money to beautify Athens from the Delian League
    • With no approval, he persuaded the Athenian assembly to vote huge sums of the league's money to buy gold, ivory, and marble.
    • Money still went to pay artists, architects, and people who used those materials
    Glorious Art and Architechture
    • Pericles goal+ great Greek artists and architects to make sculptures and buildings to glorify Athens
    • Noblest work- the Parthenon
    Architecture and Sculpture
    Parthenon
    • masterpiece of architectural design and craftsmenship
    • constructed 23,000 sq ft building in traditional style- used to create temples for 200 years
    • Maker of Parthenon- Phidias
      • Pericles trusted
      • Made sculpture of Athena
        • gold and ivory, stood 30 ft tall
    • Sculptures to portray beauty
    • Values of harmony, order balance, and proportion> classical art
    Drama and History
    • Greeks invented drama and theater in the West 
      • expressed civic pride and tribute to the gods
    • Costumes showed mood of the play
    • Plays were about leadership, justice, and duties to the gods
    Tragedy and Comedy
    • Tragedy- serious drama about common things such as: love, hate, war, or betrayal
      • Main character or tragic hero
      • Had powers
    Aeschylus
    • wrote 80 plays
    • trilogy- 3 play series
      • "Oresteia"- family of Agamemnon, a Mycenaean king who commanded the Greeks at Troy
    Sophocles
    • wrote 100 plays
      • "Oedipus the King of Antigone"
    Euripides
    • "Medea"- had strong women

    Comedy- scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor 
    • Playwrights made fun of politics and respected people and ideas
    Aristophanes
    • Wrote comedies for the stage
    • "The Birds" and " Lysistrata" 
      • L--women of Athens forcing husbands to end the Peloponnesian War
    History
    • Herodotus- wrote accurate reporting of events
    • Book on Persian War was the first book of history
    • Greatest historian--Thucydides
      • Athenian
      • Believed certain types of events and political situations recur over time

    More on Athenians and Spartans Go To War TOMORROW

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