Greece: The fight over the Power

Today we talked about who controlled Greece and the amount of competition there was against each other to run for office. These are the notes I took today in class:

Rules, Codes, and Laws

  • Draco (621 BCE) 
    • All Athenian (rich or poor) are equal under the law. 
    • but death is the punishment for many crimes
    • debt slavery is OK (work as a slave to repay debts) 
  • Solon's reforms (594 BCE)
    • outlaws debt slavery 
    • all Athenian citizen can speak at the assembly
    • any citizen can press charges against wrongdoers
*Rich men could have a worse punishment, as for a poor person that commits the same crime.*

Aretè- everything you do is amazing
Agora- meeting place; came to sell and tell

Eventually leading to... Cleisthenes
  • more reforms (around 500 BCE)
    • allowed all citizens to submit laws for debate at the assembly 
    • created the Council of Five Hundred (members chosen at random, to counsel the assembly)
    • slowly leading to democracy...
    • but... only free adult male property owners born in Athens were considered citizens
    • sorry, women, salves, 'foreigners'
rewind to... clash of the tyrants
  • Hippias was a tyrant who ruled from 527-510 BCE
  • his brother was murdered, and rule became harsh
    • killed all suspects and families of suspects
  • eventually he was expelled from Athens (this is called being ostracized)
  • in revenge, he began working with the Persian king Darius I helping them invade Marathon
  • with Hippias gone, Isagoras and Cleisthenes (both were aristocrats) engaged in a power struggle
  • Isagoras had support from fellow aristocrats, from Sparta
  • Cleisthenes had support from Athens
Isagoras wins (not for long)
  • Isagoras becomes archon eponymous (tyrant)
  • He ostracized Cleisthenes
  • Cleisthenes supporters- and the ordinary Athenian citizens!- revolt against Isagoras' tyranny
  • they trap Isagoras on the acropolis for two days, on the 3rd day he fled and banished
    • Acropolis- a large area of land
508 BCE! YES!

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