Direct Democracy + Gods and Goddesses

First day of Western Civilization today of the week. These are the notes I took today:

Direct Democracy:

  • Where the city-states are ruled by citizens
  • Rule is based on citizenship 
  • Majority rule decides vote
  •    > in the agora, citizens argued, made speeches, then voted with white stones (yes) and black stones (no) 
  • It was first practiced in Athens under Cleisthenes. around 500 BCE

Gods and Goddesses 
  • What is unique about the Greeks’ relationship with there gods is the interactions with humans
  • Poseidon (god of sea) interferes with Odysseus trying to get home 
  • Dionysus (god of wine) was son of Zeus (a god) and Semela (a human princess)

Who’s who in the Pantheon
  • Pantheon: gathering of gods
  • Zeus- ruler of heaven and earth; father of Athena; god of sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order, and justice 
  • Had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts

ATHENA
  • Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfsre (and peace), intelligence, battle strategy, and handicrafts
  • She was born from Zeus’ head and fully formed and armored
  • a special patron of heroes - such as Odysseus 
  • She was a patron of Athens ( city named after her)
FEW OF MANY

Apollo-god of music, arts, knowledge, and healing
  • Zeus was his father, twin sister Artemis 
  • He’s associated with the sun , his sister with the moon
POSIEDON: god of the sea, rovers, floods and earthquakes 
  • brother of Zeus, king of the sea and water
APRODITE: goddess of love, beauty,desire, sexuality
  • her lovers included Ares (god of war), Adonis (demi-god of desire), and Anxhesis (a mortal who fathered a baby)

DEMETER: goddess of grain, harvest, and agriculture
        Zeus’ sister 

The fighting Spartans 
  • Greeks were certainly a warlike people - especially the Spartans 
  • Spartans were know for there tough, ruthless, infantry: fought on land
  • Spartan boys trained from age 7
  • real Spartans were much more fearsome
Athens: Naval Power
  • Also did infantry but naval was way stronger
  • there most effective weapon was the trimem

TRIMEME
  • a technological marvel
  • fastest ship in the world at the time
  • rowed by 170 men on 3 levels 
  • could be used as a battering ram
  • agile, fast 

TAXES SUPPORTED ARMED FORCES

* By the way, I used my phone to type this!!!! I’m pretty sure this is my longest blog and I had to do it with my phone. What a hassle!!*

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